Jawapan Ringkas
CCRIS dan CTOS adalah laporan kredit yang bank guna untuk evaluate loan application anda.
| Aspek | CCRIS | CTOS |
|---|---|---|
| Pengendali | Bank Negara Malaysia | CTOS Data Systems |
| Kandungan | Loan history dengan bank | Broader credit info |
| Akses | Via bank atau eCCRIS | CTOS website/app |
| Kos semak | Percuma (2x/tahun) | Percuma (asas) |
Bottom line: Rekod bersih = loan senang lulus. Rekod bermasalah = susah atau reject.
Apa Itu CCRIS?
Central Credit Reference Information System
CCRIS adalah sistem Bank Negara Malaysia yang merekod:
- Semua pinjaman anda dengan institusi kewangan
- Status pembayaran - on time atau late
- Outstanding amount - berapa masih berhutang
- Permohonan loan - berapa kali apply
Apa Ada Dalam CCRIS Report?
| Section | Content |
|---|---|
| Outstanding Credit | Semua loan aktif |
| Special Attention | Loans dengan masalah |
| Application | Permohonan loan dalam 12 bulan |
| Approved Credit | Loan yang diluluskan |
Payment Status Codes
| Code | Meaning | Impact |
|---|---|---|
| 0 | No arrears | Good |
| 1 | 1-29 days late | Mild concern |
| 2 | 30-59 days late | Problem |
| 3 | 60-89 days late | Serious |
| 4+ | 90+ days late | Very serious |
Ideal: All zeros for past 12 months.
Apa Itu CTOS?
Credit Tip-Off Service
CTOS adalah credit reporting agency swasta yang collect:
- CCRIS data (dari BNM)
- Legal cases - court actions, bankruptcy
- Trade references - payment dengan vendors
- Directorships - company involvement
- CTOS Score - credit score 300-850
CTOS Score Range
| Score | Rating | Loan Approval |
|---|---|---|
| 750-850 | Excellent | Very likely |
| 700-749 | Good | Likely |
| 650-699 | Fair | May need conditions |
| 600-649 | Poor | Difficult |
| 300-599 | Bad | Unlikely |
Apa Yang Boleh Affect CTOS Score?
| Positive Impact | Negative Impact |
|---|---|
| On-time payments | Late payments |
| Long credit history | Too many recent applications |
| Mix of credit types | High utilization |
| Low debt ratio | Legal issues |
Beza CCRIS dan CTOS
| Aspect | CCRIS | CTOS |
|---|---|---|
| Siapa run | Bank Negara | Private company |
| Data source | Banks only | Multiple sources |
| Legal records | No | Yes |
| Credit score | No | Yes (CTOS Score) |
| Trade payment | No | Yes |
| Primary use | Bank reference | Comprehensive check |
Bank biasanya check KEDUA-DUA sebelum approve loan.
Cara Semak CCRIS
Option 1: eCCRIS Online (Recommended)
- Daftar di eccris.bnm.gov.my
- Verify identity
- Download report (PDF)
- Percuma 2x setahun
Option 2: Melalui Bank
- Pergi ke mana-mana bank
- Bawa IC
- Request CCRIS report
- Percuma
Option 3: Kiosk BNM
- Pergi ke BNM office
- Guna kiosk self-service
- Print on the spot
Cara Semak CTOS
Option 1: MyCTOS App
- Download MyCTOS app
- Register dengan IC
- Basic report percuma
- Detailed report berbayar (~RM25)
Option 2: CTOS Website
- Visit ctoscredit.com.my
- Register account
- Verify identity
- Access reports
What to Check
- CTOS Score - your credit rating
- Legal records - any court cases
- Directorships - company issues
- Trade references - non-bank payments
- Enquiries - who has checked you
How Banks Use CCRIS/CTOS
Step 1: Check CCRIS
Bank akan tengok:
- Current loans dan status
- Payment history (12 bulan)
- Recent applications
- Special attention accounts
Step 2: Check CTOS
Bank akan tengok:
- CTOS Score
- Legal cases
- Bankruptcy status
- Trade payment history
Step 3: Calculate DSR
Combine dengan income untuk calculate Debt Service Ratio.
Step 4: Make Decision
| CCRIS/CTOS Status | Likely Decision |
|---|---|
| Clean | Approve |
| Minor issues | Approve with conditions |
| Multiple late payments | May reject |
| Legal cases | Likely reject |
| Bankruptcy | Reject |
Masalah Biasa dan Penyelesaian
Problem 1: Late Payment Record
Issue: Ada “1” atau “2” dalam CCRIS.
Solution:
- Pay on time going forward
- Wait for old records to clear (12 months)
- Explain circumstances to bank
Impact: 1-2 late payments = still possible. Multiple = difficult.
Problem 2: Special Attention Account
Issue: Loan marked as problematic.
Solution:
- Settle the account
- Get letter of settlement
- Wait 12 months for record to clear
Impact: Active special attention = likely reject.
Problem 3: Too Many Recent Applications
Issue: Applied to 5-6 banks in short time.
Solution:
- Wait 3-6 months before applying again
- Focus on 1-2 banks only
Impact: Shows desperation, banks cautious.
Problem 4: Legal Case in CTOS
Issue: Court case or judgment against you.
Solution:
- Settle the case
- Get proof of settlement
- Update CTOS record
Impact: Active legal case = major red flag.
Problem 5: Error in Report
Issue: Wrong information in CCRIS/CTOS.
Solution:
- Dispute with BNM (CCRIS) or CTOS
- Provide proof
- Follow up until corrected
Berapa Lama Rekod Kekal?
CCRIS Records
| Type | Duration |
|---|---|
| Active loans | Until settled |
| Payment history | 12 months |
| Applications | 12 months |
| Special attention | 12 months after settle |
CTOS Records
| Type | Duration |
|---|---|
| Legal cases (settled) | 5 years |
| Bankruptcy (discharged) | 5 years |
| Trade references | Varies |
| Enquiries | 12 months |
Boleh Dapat Loan Dengan Rekod Bermasalah?
Scenario 1: Minor Late Payments
Situation: 1-2 times “1” in past 12 months.
Possibility: YES, usually OK.
Tips:
- Explain the reason
- Show improved payment since
- May need higher deposit
Scenario 2: Multiple Late Payments
Situation: Several “2” or “3” in CCRIS.
Possibility: DIFFICULT.
Options:
- Get guarantor
- Higher downpayment (30%+)
- Try different banks
- Wait for records to clear
Scenario 3: Special Attention Account
Situation: Current or recent SA.
Possibility: VERY DIFFICULT.
Options:
- Settle the account first
- Wait 12 months
- Guarantor with strong profile
Scenario 4: Legal Case
Situation: Court judgment or bankruptcy.
Possibility: UNLIKELY.
Options:
- Settle legal issues first
- Wait for records to expire
- Cash purchase only
Tips untuk CCRIS/CTOS Bersih
Do’s
-
Pay on time, every time
- Set auto-debit
- Pay before due date
- Never miss payment
-
Don’t over-apply
- Research banks first
- Apply to 1-2 only
- Wait 3 months between applications
-
Keep utilization low
- Credit card < 30% limit
- Don’t max out facilities
-
Check regularly
- Semak CCRIS/CTOS setiap 6 bulan
- Spot errors early
- Track your score
-
Settle old debts
- Clear outstanding
- Get settlement letters
- Keep proof
Don’ts
-
Don’t ignore small debts
- RM500 unpaid bill = same impact as RM50,000
-
Don’t be guarantor carelessly
- Their default = your record affected
-
Don’t close old accounts unnecessarily
- Long credit history = good
-
Don’t apply when desperate
- Multiple rejections = worse record
Soalan Lazim
CCRIS dan CTOS sama ke?
Tidak. CCRIS dari BNM (bank data only). CTOS include legal records dan credit score.
Berapa lama nak clear bad record?
- Late payment: 12 bulan
- Legal case: 5 tahun after settle
- Bankruptcy: 5 tahun after discharge
Bank mana paling lenient?
Semua bank ada different appetite. Some prefer fresh grads, some prefer government servants. Apply based on your profile, not “lenient” reputation.
Boleh “repair” credit score?
Yes, with time and good behavior:
- Pay on time consistently
- Don’t over-apply
- Settle outstanding debts
- Wait for bad records to expire
CTOS Score berapa OK untuk car loan?
650+ generally acceptable. 700+ comfortable. Below 600 difficult.
Kesimpulan
Perkara Paling Penting:
- Semak sebelum apply - Know your status
- Pay on time - Most important factor
- Don’t over-apply - Shows desperation
- Settle old debts - Clean up before applying
- Errors boleh dispute - Check for mistakes
Before Applying for Car Loan:
| Step | Action |
|---|---|
| 1 | Semak CCRIS (eCCRIS) |
| 2 | Semak CTOS (MyCTOS app) |
| 3 | Fix any issues first |
| 4 | Wait if needed |
| 5 | Apply dengan confidence |
Golden Rule:
“Rekod kredit bersih adalah aset. Jaga ia seperti jaga reputation anda.”
Bacaan Seterusnya
Panduan pinjaman:
- DSR: Kira kemampuan sebenar
- Kelulusan bank: Apa yang dilihat?
- Asas pinjaman kereta
- Penjamin pinjaman kereta
Panduan gaji:
Panduan ini adalah untuk rujukan umum. Consult dengan bank untuk situasi spesifik anda.