Jawapan Ringkas
Kos sebenar memiliki kereta adalah 1.5-2× lebih tinggi dari ansuran sahaja.
| Harga Kereta | Ansuran | Kos Sebenar | Multiplier |
|---|---|---|---|
| RM40,000 | ~RM470 | RM900-1,200 | 1.9-2.5× |
| RM60,000 | ~RM700 | RM1,300-1,700 | 1.9-2.4× |
| RM80,000 | ~RM930 | RM1,700-2,200 | 1.8-2.4× |
| RM100,000 | ~RM1,160 | RM2,100-2,700 | 1.8-2.3× |
Formula cepat: Kos Sebenar ≈ Ansuran × 2
Semua Komponen Kos Kereta
Kos “Visible” (Yang Ramai Kira)
| Komponen | % of Total | Nota |
|---|---|---|
| Ansuran pinjaman | 40-50% | Kos terbesar |
| Insurans | 8-12% | Wajib ada |
| Petrol | 12-18% | Bergantung jarak |
| Servis | 4-6% | Berkala |
| Subtotal Visible | 65-80% |
Kos “Tersembunyi” (Yang Ramai Lupa)
| Komponen | % of Total | Nota |
|---|---|---|
| Susut nilai | 15-25% | Kos “invisible” terbesar |
| Parking | 5-15% | Tinggi di KL |
| Tol | 5-12% | Commuter KL |
| Repair | 3-8% | Increase dengan umur |
| Cukai jalan | 0.5-2% | Fixed yearly |
| Subtotal Tersembunyi | 20-35% |
Pengiraan Lengkap: 4 Senario
Senario 1: Perodua Axia (RM40,000)
Profil: Fresh graduate, gaji RM3,000, commute bandar
| Komponen | Bulanan |
|---|---|
| KOS VISIBLE | |
| Ansuran (9 tahun, 3%) | RM465 |
| Insurans (NCD 0%) | RM100 |
| Petrol (800km) | RM100 |
| Servis | RM45 |
| Subtotal Visible | RM710 |
| KOS TERSEMBUNYI | |
| Parking | RM100 |
| Tol | RM50 |
| Susut nilai | RM333 |
| Repair buffer | RM50 |
| Cukai jalan | RM2 |
| Subtotal Tersembunyi | RM535 |
| JUMLAH SEBENAR | RM1,245 |
% gaji RM3,000: 41.5%
Senario 2: Perodua Myvi (RM55,000)
Profil: Pekerja, gaji RM4,000, commute KL
| Komponen | Bulanan |
|---|---|
| KOS VISIBLE | |
| Ansuran (9 tahun, 3%) | RM639 |
| Insurans (NCD 0%) | RM145 |
| Petrol (1,200km) | RM180 |
| Servis | RM55 |
| Subtotal Visible | RM1,019 |
| KOS TERSEMBUNYI | |
| Parking | RM250 |
| Tol | RM180 |
| Susut nilai | RM458 |
| Repair buffer | RM70 |
| Cukai jalan | RM8 |
| Subtotal Tersembunyi | RM966 |
| JUMLAH SEBENAR | RM1,985 |
% gaji RM4,000: 49.6%
Senario 3: Honda City (RM90,000)
Profil: Executive, gaji RM6,000, commute highway
| Komponen | Bulanan |
|---|---|
| KOS VISIBLE | |
| Ansuran (9 tahun, 3%) | RM1,045 |
| Insurans (NCD 0%) | RM260 |
| Petrol (1,500km) | RM230 |
| Servis | RM75 |
| Subtotal Visible | RM1,610 |
| KOS TERSEMBUNYI | |
| Parking | RM300 |
| Tol | RM250 |
| Susut nilai | RM750 |
| Repair buffer | RM80 |
| Cukai jalan | RM8 |
| Subtotal Tersembunyi | RM1,388 |
| JUMLAH SEBENAR | RM2,998 |
% gaji RM6,000: 49.9%
Senario 4: BMW 320i (RM250,000)
Profil: Professional, gaji RM15,000
| Komponen | Bulanan |
|---|---|
| KOS VISIBLE | |
| Ansuran (7 tahun, 3.5%) | RM3,827 |
| Insurans (NCD 0%) | RM570 |
| Petrol (1,500km, RON97) | RM520 |
| Servis | RM220 |
| Subtotal Visible | RM5,137 |
| KOS TERSEMBUNYI | |
| Parking | RM400 |
| Tol | RM300 |
| Susut nilai | RM2,500 |
| Repair buffer | RM350 |
| Cukai jalan | RM32 |
| Subtotal Tersembunyi | RM3,582 |
| JUMLAH SEBENAR | RM8,719 |
% gaji RM15,000: 58.1%
Kos 5 Tahun & 9 Tahun
Kereta RM60,000 (5 Tahun)
| Komponen | Bulanan | 5 Tahun |
|---|---|---|
| Ansuran | RM700 | RM42,000 |
| Insurans | RM130 | RM7,800 |
| Petrol | RM200 | RM12,000 |
| Servis | RM60 | RM3,600 |
| Parking | RM200 | RM12,000 |
| Tol | RM150 | RM9,000 |
| Repair | RM100 | RM6,000 |
| Cukai jalan | RM8 | RM480 |
| SUBTOTAL | RM1,548 | RM92,880 |
| Susut nilai | RM500 | RM30,000 |
| GRAND TOTAL | RM2,048 | RM122,880 |
Kos sebenar 5 tahun: RM122,880 (2× harga kereta!)
Kereta RM60,000 (9 Tahun Full Loan)
| Komponen | 9 Tahun |
|---|---|
| Total ansuran | RM76,200 |
| Insurans | RM12,600 |
| Petrol | RM21,600 |
| Servis | RM7,200 |
| Parking | RM21,600 |
| Tol | RM16,200 |
| Repair | RM15,000 |
| Cukai jalan | RM810 |
| Susut nilai | RM42,000 |
| GRAND TOTAL | RM213,210 |
Kos sebenar 9 tahun: RM213,210 (3.5× harga kereta!)
Quick Calculator
Formula Mudah
Kos Bulanan Sebenar = Ansuran × 2
atau lebih tepat:
Kos Sebenar = Ansuran + (Ansuran × 0.3) + Parking + Tol + (Harga ÷ 120)
Jadual Quick Reference
| Harga Kereta | Ansuran (9yr) | Kos Sebenar (KL) | Kos Sebenar (Luar KL) |
|---|---|---|---|
| RM35,000 | RM407 | RM950-1,150 | RM750-950 |
| RM45,000 | RM523 | RM1,150-1,400 | RM900-1,100 |
| RM55,000 | RM639 | RM1,400-1,700 | RM1,100-1,350 |
| RM70,000 | RM813 | RM1,750-2,100 | RM1,400-1,700 |
| RM90,000 | RM1,045 | RM2,200-2,700 | RM1,800-2,200 |
| RM120,000 | RM1,394 | RM2,900-3,500 | RM2,400-2,900 |
Peraturan Emas
1. Ansuran < 15-20% Gaji
Jangan ikut bank approval. Bank boleh approve sehingga 30%+ gaji, tetapi itu tidak bermakna anda mampu.
| Gaji | Max Ansuran | Max Harga Kereta |
|---|---|---|
| RM3,000 | RM450-600 | RM35,000-45,000 |
| RM4,000 | RM600-800 | RM45,000-60,000 |
| RM5,000 | RM750-1,000 | RM55,000-75,000 |
| RM6,000 | RM900-1,200 | RM70,000-90,000 |
| RM8,000 | RM1,200-1,600 | RM90,000-120,000 |
2. Kos Sebenar < 30% Gaji
Termasuk semua kos visible dan tersembunyi.
3. Jangan Lupa Susut Nilai
Walaupun tidak keluar duit setiap bulan, susut nilai adalah kos sebenar.
4. Lokasi Matters
Pekerja KL boleh bayar RM300-600 lebih sebulan untuk parking + tol.
Comparison: Kereta vs Alternatif
Commuter KL: Kereta vs Public Transport
| Aspek | Kereta (Myvi) | MRT + Grab |
|---|---|---|
| Kos bulanan | RM1,800+ | RM400-600 |
| Convenience | Tinggi | Sederhana |
| Time | Flexible | Fixed route |
| Stress | Parking, jam | Less stress |
Jimat RM1,200+/bulan dengan public transport.
Kereta Baru vs Kereta Secondhand
| Aspek | Baru RM60,000 | 3yr Old RM42,000 |
|---|---|---|
| Ansuran | RM700 | RM560 |
| Insurans | RM160 | RM130 |
| Repair | RM70 | RM150 |
| Susut nilai | RM500 | RM280 |
| Total | RM1,430 | RM1,120 |
Jimat RM310/bulan dengan secondhand.
Soalan Lazim
Kenapa kos sebenar 2× ansuran?
Kerana ramai lupa: insurans, petrol, servis, parking, tol, repair, dan susut nilai. Semua ini adalah kos sebenar.
Susut nilai tu kos ke? Tak keluar duit pun.
Ya, ia kos. Bila jual kereta nanti, anda akan “realize” kerugian ini. Contoh: Beli RM60k, jual RM30k = “rugi” RM30k.
Macam mana nak kurangkan kos?
- Pilih kereta lebih murah
- Beli secondhand (2-3 tahun)
- Pilih national brand (servis murah)
- Public transport untuk commute
Gaji berapa boleh beli kereta RM60,000?
Minimum RM4,500-5,000 untuk kos sebenar tidak melebihi 35-40% gaji.
Kesimpulan
Kereta adalah komitmen kewangan besar - bukan sekadar ansuran bulanan.
Perkara untuk Diingat:
- Kos sebenar = Ansuran × 2 (lebih kurang)
- KL lebih mahal RM300-600/bulan (parking + tol)
- Susut nilai adalah kos - jangan ignore
- Kereta lama = repair lebih tinggi
- Kira semua sebelum beli
The True Cost Test:
Sebelum beli, tanya:
“Boleh saya tanggung RM___/bulan untuk kereta ini?”
Masukkan kos sebenar, bukan ansuran sahaja.
Related:
Bacaan Seterusnya
Panduan kos kereta:
Panduan gaji:
Panduan kewangan:
Anggaran berdasarkan data Januari 2026. Kos sebenar bergantung kepada lokasi, gaya pemanduan, dan faktor individu.